BIOKONVERSI BAHAN BERLIGNOSELULOSA MENJADI BIOETANOL MENGGUNAKAN Aspergillus
niger dan Saccharomyces cereviciae
(Bioconversion Lignocellulosic
Materials to Bioethanol using Aspergillus
niger and Saccharomyces cereviciae)
Muhammad Daud1,
Wasrin
Syafii1, Khaswar Syamsu2
1Departemen Hasil Hutan, IPB
2Departemen Teknologi
Industri Pertanian, IPB
ABSTRACT
This
study aims to determine feseability production bioethanol from lignocellulosic
material using simulataneous
saccharification and fermentation (SSF)
processes with Aspergillus
niger dan Saccharomyces cereviciae. Three differents lignocellulosic material namely sengon wood
(Paraserianthes falcataria), gmelina wood (Gmelina sp.), pinus wood and (Pinus
merkusii) were pretreated using kraft
process to remove lignin content. Then, pulp treated using SSF processes. SSF runs were performed in 500
ml fermentors using a total slurry 200
ml. The substrate and nutrient media were autoclaved (121 oC and 20 minutes).
The samples diluted to 2,5% (w/v) of total slurry was used as substrate. The
substrate was added with 10% (v/v) Aspegillus niger (6,5 x 107 CFU/cc) of total slurry and then inoculated
with 10% (v/v) yeast Saccharomyces cereviciae (1,5
x 109 CFU/cc). The SSF experiments were run for 96 hours and the data
were investigated periodically every 24 hours. The results showed that total of
sugar and reducing sugar tended to decrease with time of inoculation whereas
ethanol concentration increase significantly. The growth of Aspergillus niger
and yeast Saccharomyces cereviciae tended to incease in initial inoculation and
decrease by the end of inoculation. The bioethanol concentration on sengon,
gmelina, and pinus were 0,53%; 0,45%; and 0,31% respectively and produced
yields 6,02%; 5,15%, and 3,18% respectively.
Key
words: Bioethanol, simultaneous
saccharification and fermentation, Aspergillus niger, Saccharomyces cereviciae
