OPTIMALISASI PERLAKUAN PENDAHULUAN PADA
PRODUKSI BIOETANOL BEBERAPA JENIS KAYU TROPIS
(Optimazion
of Pretreatment in Bioethanol Production from Several Wood Species)
Muhammad Daud1,
Wasrin
Syafii1, Khaswar Syamsu2
1Departemen Hasil Hutan, IPB
2Departemen Teknologi
Industri Pertanian, IPB
ABSTRAK
This
study aims to determine the best pretreatment to produce bioethanol from
several wood species. Three different
tropical wood species namely sengon wood (Paraserianthes falcataria), gmelina
wood (Gmelina sp.) and pinus wood (Pinus merkusii) were milled to determine their chemical properties
before treatments. The study was conducted to determine the best pretreatment
to produce the highest yield of pulp and low of kappa number and lignin content
for bioethanol production. The treatments were conducted under three kinds of
alkalinity (active alkali) namely 16%, 18% and 20% and also two kinds of
sulfidity namely 20% and 25% using kraft process. The results showed that the
species of tropical wood have chemical properties differences each other significantly.
The best pretreatment (alkalinity and sulfidity) for sengon, gmelina, and pinus
were 18% and 25%, 20% and 25%, as wel as 18% and 25% which produced yields of
pulp and lignin content were 51,65 % and 2,23; 60,84 and 2,07 as well as 61,04%
and 3,21%, respectively.
Key
words: Bioethanol, pretreatments, tropical
wood species, pulp
